01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease a 9x13-inch casserole dish with butter or cooking spray.
02 - Heat a large skillet over medium heat. Add diced onion and bell pepper, cooking for 4–5 minutes until softened. Add sliced mushrooms and cook for another 3 minutes. Stir in chopped spinach and cook until wilted, about 1–2 minutes. Remove from heat.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, whisk together eggs, whole milk, heavy cream, salt, black pepper, dried thyme, and smoked paprika until fully blended and frothy.
04 - Add bread cubes, sautéed vegetables, half the shredded cheddar cheese, and cooked sausage or bacon (if using) to the egg mixture. Gently fold together until all bread pieces are evenly coated.
05 - Pour the mixture into the prepared casserole dish, spreading evenly. Sprinkle the remaining cheddar cheese over the top.
06 - Bake for 40–45 minutes until the center is firm and set, and the top is golden brown. A knife inserted in the center should come out clean.
07 - Let the casserole cool for 10 minutes before slicing. Garnish with fresh chopped parsley if desired. Serve warm.